Introduction to English Grammer

Ø Introduction:
لاحظ عزيزي الطالب أن جميع أزمنة اللغة الإنجليزية تتبع نفس هذا الشكل بالتتالي
Ø Subject + Help verb + Main verb
Ø فاعل + فعل مساعد + الفعل الأساسي
2- لاحظ أيضا أن الفعل المساعد يختفي في المضارع البسيط في الجملة المثبتة.


Present simple
مضارع بسيط

Form
التكوين

Subject help v. Main v.



I
We the first form of the verb
You hidden
They



SHe
She hidden the first form of the verb+s
It


Ex.:
1- We play football.
2- He plays football



the present contionuous

Subject Help v. Main v.


I am


He
She Is the first form of the verb+Ing
It

You
We Are
They


Ex.:
1- I am playing.
2- He is playing.
3- They are playing.


The Usage of the present simple:

Ø When we talk about habits or repeated actions.
يعبر عن عادة أو فعل متكرر الحدوث.
- He goes to school every Sunday.
Ø We use it for true scientific sentences
يعبر عن حقائق علمية ثابتة.
- The sun rises in the east.

The usage of the present continuous:

Ø When we describe actions that are happening now.
يستخدم في وصف أفعال تحدث الآن, أي استمرار حدوث الفعل وقت الكلام.

(usually - sometimes - often - always)

Ø These adverbs go before the main verb, but after the verb To be.
هذه الظروف تأتى قبل أي فعل أساسي ماعدا فعل يكون فإنها تأتي بعده.
- We usually play football.
Every كل ( day – week – year)
Ø Go at one end of a sentence.
تأتي في أول أو آ خر الجملة
- We watch TV every night.
- Every night we watch TV.


Negative
النفي

عند نفى أى زمن نضع بعد الفعل المساعد مباشرة
Subject Help v. Main v.
I
We do + not play
You
They
Ø We do not play.
He
She do es + not plays
It

Ø He plays.
Ø He does not play.

Subject help v. Main v.
I am + not playing
Ø I am not eating now.
He
She is + not playing
It
Ø She is not drinking at this moment.
You
They are + not playing
We
Ø They are not watching TV now.